{"id":25,"date":"2019-10-22T10:23:56","date_gmt":"2019-10-22T08:23:56","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/?page_id=25"},"modified":"2022-01-09T02:24:28","modified_gmt":"2022-01-09T01:24:28","slug":"vkladanie-dat","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/program-spss-a-excel\/vkladanie-dat\/","title":{"rendered":"Vkladanie d\u00e1t"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Program SPSS disponuje dvoma oknami:<\/span><\/p>\n<ul style=\"list-style-type: circle;\">\n<li><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">okno editora premenn\u00fdch (Variable View) \u2013 v \u0148om vklad\u00e1me premenn\u00e9;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">okno editora d\u00e1t (Data View) \u2013 v \u0148om vklad\u00e1me konkr\u00e9tne d\u00e1ta.<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Postup:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>krok<\/strong>: otvorte program SPSS;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>krok<\/strong>: na obr. je \u010derven\u00fdm kr\u00fa\u017ekom zn\u00e1zornen\u00e9 okno editora, do ktor\u00e9ho je potrebn\u00e9 sa prepn\u00fa\u0165 pri vkladan\u00ed premenn\u00fdch;<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1372\" src=\"http:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Snimka.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"613\" height=\"505\" srcset=\"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Snimka.jpg 613w, https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Snimka-300x247.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 613px) 100vw, 613px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>3. krok<\/strong>: vkladanie premenn\u00fdch, s\u00a0ktor\u00fdmi pracujeme vo v\u00fdskume. V\u00a0na\u0161om pr\u00edpade s\u00fa to premenn\u00e9: pohlavie, vek, status zamestnania, rodinn\u00fd stav, b\u00fdvanie, povolanie at\u010f. (ru\u017eov\u00fd r\u00e1m\u010dek);<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>4. krok<\/strong>: na hornej li\u0161te (zelen\u00fd r\u00e1m\u010dek) vid\u00edme nieko\u013eko pol\u00ed, ktor\u00fdch \u00fa\u010del si vysvetl\u00edme:<\/span><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Name <\/strong>\u2013 n\u00e1zov premennej. Do tohto pol\u00ed\u010dka sa vpisuj\u00fa n\u00e1zvy premenn\u00fdch, napr. pohlavie, status zamestnania at\u010f. N\u00e1zov sa nesmie za\u010d\u00edna\u0165 \u010d\u00edslicou, obsahova\u0165 medzery (viacslovn\u00e9 v\u00fdrazy je potrebn\u00e9 p\u00edsa\u0165 s bodkou alebo pod\u010diarovn\u00edkom (_) medzi slovami &#8211; napr. status_zamestnania). N\u00e1zov premennej m\u00f4\u017ee obsahova\u0165 a\u017e 64 znakov, v praxi sa v\u0161ak odpor\u00fa\u010daj\u00fa pou\u017e\u00edva\u0165 pre lep\u0161iu preh\u013eadnos\u0165 n\u00e1zvy krat\u0161ie. Pre bli\u017e\u0161iu \u0161pecifik\u00e1ciu premennej je mo\u017en\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 pole <em>Label<\/em> (vi\u010f ni\u017e\u0161ie). N\u00e1zov v poli \u201c<em>Name<\/em>\u201d sa nebude zobrazova\u0165 vo v\u00fdstupov\u00fdch okn\u00e1ch, sl\u00fa\u017ei pre lep\u0161iu orient\u00e1ciu v\u00fdskumn\u00edka v programe SPSS;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Type<\/strong> \u2013 typ premennej. Po rozkliknut\u00ed pon\u00fakne SPSS osem mo\u017enost\u00ed, z\u00a0ktor\u00fdch vyberieme najvhodnej\u0161iu pre dan\u00fd typ premennej: <strong>\u010d\u00edseln\u00e1<\/strong> (<em>Numeric, Comma, Dot, Scientific Notation<\/em>), <strong>d\u00e1tum<\/strong> (<em>Date<\/em>), <strong>textov\u00e1<\/strong> (<em>String<\/em>), <strong>\u010d\u00edseln\u00e1 obsahuj\u00faca menu alebo jednotku<\/strong> (<em>Dollar, Custom currency<\/em>). Najpou\u017e\u00edvanej\u0161ia je <em>Numeric<\/em> (pre \u010d\u00edseln\u00e9 d\u00e1ta\u00a0\u2013 napr. 1, 2) a\u00a0<em>String<\/em> (pre slovn\u00e9 d\u00e1ta \u2013 napr. lek\u00e1r, u\u010dite\u013e at\u010f.);<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Width<\/strong> \u2013 d\u013a\u017eka d\u00e1t\/po\u010det znakov;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Decimals<\/strong> \u2013 po\u010det desatinn\u00fdch miest, ktor\u00e9 je mo\u017en\u00e9 nastavi\u0165 pod\u013ea potreby;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Label<\/strong> \u2013 ozna\u010denie premennej. Tieto ozna\u010denia sa bud\u00fa objavova\u0165 vo v\u00fdsledkovej \u010dasti (napr. v popise grafov a tabuliek). V tejto \u010dasti je mo\u017en\u00e9 pou\u017ei\u0165 aj viacslovn\u00e9 spojenia, bez nutnosti pou\u017eitia bodky alebo pod\u010diarovn\u00edka, napr. status zamestnania; ozna\u010denia premenn\u00fdch v &#8222;label&#8220; bud\u00fa s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou v\u00fdstupov &#8211; tabuliek a gravof.<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Values <\/strong>\u2013 hodnoty\/k\u00f3dy premenn\u00fdch. Ak pracujeme s nomin\u00e1lnou, pr\u00edp. ordin\u00e1lnou premennou, je potrebn\u00e9 im priradi\u0165 \u010d\u00edseln\u00fa hodnotu (k\u00f3dovanie). To znamen\u00e1, ak pracujem s premennou pohlavie, ktor\u00e1 nadob\u00fada hodnoty &#8222;mu\u017e&#8220; a &#8222;\u017eena&#8220;, mus\u00edm im priradi\u0165 \u010d\u00edseln\u00fd k\u00f3d &#8211; napr. &#8222;\u017eena&#8220; = 1,&#8220;mu\u017e&#8220; = 2. V \u010dasti &#8222;values&#8220; m\u00f4\u017eeme ka\u017edej mo\u017enej hodnote premennej priradi\u0165 n\u00e1zov. Po rozkliknut\u00ed uvid\u00edme dve vstupn\u00e9 polia (vi\u010f obr.):<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><em>Value<\/em> na vkladanie \u010d\u00edselnej hodnoty premennej (v na\u0161om pr\u00edpade \u010d\u00edslo \u201e2\u201c pre hodnotu mu\u017e a\u00a0\u010d\u00edslo \u201e1\u201c pre hodnotu \u017eena),<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><em>Label<\/em>: na vkladanie sloven\u00e9ho ozna\u010denia \u010d\u00edselnej hodnoty (v na\u0161om pr\u00edpade slovo \u201emu\u017e\u201c),<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1373\" src=\"http:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Snimka1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"252\" height=\"163\" \/><\/span><br \/>\n<span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Tri podpr\u00edkazov\u00e9 polia: <em>Add<\/em> \u2013 prida\u0165, <em>Change<\/em> \u2013 zmeni\u0165, <em>Remove<\/em> \u2013 vymaza\u0165 (v \u010dervenom kr\u00fa\u017eku), umo\u017e\u0148uj\u00fa prid\u00e1va\u0165 \u010fal\u0161ie hodnoty a n\u00e1zvy premenn\u00fdch, popr\u00edpade ich upravi\u0165 \u010di vymaza\u0165.<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Missing<\/strong> \u2013 definujeme ch\u00fdbaj\u00face hodnoty premennej;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Colums<\/strong> \u2013 \u0161\u00edrka st\u013apca, ktor\u00fa je mo\u017en\u00e9 nastavi\u0165 pod\u013ea potreby, bu\u010f v\u00a0tomto okne, alebo potiahnut\u00edm st\u013apca my\u0161ou primo v okne <em>Variable View<\/em>;<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Align<\/strong> \u2013 zarovnanie textu. Umo\u017e\u0148uje zarovna\u0165 text v\u00a0d\u00e1tovom editore z\u013eava, na stred alebo do prava (<em>left, centre, right<\/em>);<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Measure<\/strong> \u2013 \u0161pecifik\u00e1cia \u00farovne merania premennej (Nominal \u2013 nomin\u00e1lna, Ordinal &#8211; ordin\u00e1lna, Scale &#8211; kardin\u00e1lna).<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>5. krok<\/strong>: po zadefinovan\u00ed premenn\u00fdch sa prepneme do okna editora <em>Data view<\/em> (vi\u010f obr., \u010derven\u00fd kr\u00fa\u017eok). Vid\u00edme, \u017ee v hornej li\u0161te (zelen\u00fd r\u00e1m\u010dek) m\u00e1me tie premenn\u00e9, ktor\u00e9 sme si v predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facich krokoch zadefinovali v polo\u017eke <em>Name<\/em>;<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-1374\" src=\"http:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Snimka3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"616\" height=\"348\" srcset=\"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Snimka3.jpg 616w, https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/Snimka3-300x169.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 616px) 100vw, 616px\" \/><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>6. krok<\/strong>: do st\u013apcov postupne vpisujeme jednotliv\u00e9 d\u00e1ta; v riadkoch s\u00fa jednotliv\u00ed respondenti,<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>7. krok<\/strong>: po vlo\u017een\u00ed v\u0161etk\u00fdch d\u00e1t m\u00f4\u017eeme prist\u00fapi\u0165 k &#8222;\u010disteniu d\u00e1t&#8220; a n\u00e1sledne k \u0161tatistick\u00fdm anal\u00fdzam.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Program SPSS disponuje dvoma oknami: okno editora premenn\u00fdch (Variable View) \u2013 v \u0148om vklad\u00e1me premenn\u00e9; okno editora d\u00e1t (Data View) \u2013 v \u0148om vklad\u00e1me konkr\u00e9tne d\u00e1ta. Postup: krok: otvorte program SPSS; krok: na obr. je \u010derven\u00fdm kr\u00fa\u017ekom zn\u00e1zornen\u00e9 okno editora, do ktor\u00e9ho je potrebn\u00e9 sa prepn\u00fa\u0165 pri vkladan\u00ed premenn\u00fdch; 3. krok: vkladanie premenn\u00fdch, s\u00a0ktor\u00fdmi pracujeme [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":11,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"templates\/template-full-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-25","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/25","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=25"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/25\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1735,"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/25\/revisions\/1735"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=25"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}