{"id":260,"date":"2020-01-29T09:50:22","date_gmt":"2020-01-29T08:50:22","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/?page_id=260"},"modified":"2022-01-09T02:38:21","modified_gmt":"2022-01-09T01:38:21","slug":"parametricke-vs-neparametricke-statisticke-testy","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/induktivna-statistika\/parametricke-vs-neparametricke-statisticke-testy\/","title":{"rendered":"Parametrick\u00e9 vs. neparametrick\u00e9 testy"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0160tatistick\u00e9 testy m\u00f4\u017eeme klasifikova\u0165 do 2 kateg\u00f3ri\u00ed \u2013 parametrick\u00e9 a\u00a0neparametrick\u00e9 testy<\/strong>. <\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

V nasleduj\u00facej tabu\u013eke s\u00fa uveden\u00e9 parametrick\u00e9 testy a ich neparametrick\u00e1 obdoba.<\/strong><\/em> Je potrebn\u00e9 upozorni\u0165, \u017ee \u0161tatistick\u00fdch testov existuje viac, v texte uv\u00e1dzame vybran\u00e9.\"\"Parametrick\u00e9 testy pracuj\u00fa s <\/span>priemerom<\/strong> a \u0161<\/span>tandardnou odch\u00fdlkou<\/strong>, neparametrick\u00e9 testy pracuj\u00fa s <\/span>porad\u00edm<\/strong> (medi\u00e1nom, resp. priemern\u00fdm porad\u00edm – „<\/span>mean rank<\/em>„).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Parametrick\u00e9 testy<\/strong> s\u00fa silnej\u0161ie ako neparametrick\u00e9 testy, ale m\u00f4\u017eeme ich pou\u017ei\u0165 len v pr\u00edpade splnenia krit\u00e9ri\u00ed\/parametrov\/predpokladov. K t\u00fdmto parametrom patr\u00ed:<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. len pri kardin\u00e1lnej premennej<\/a>,<\/span><\/li>\n
  2. len v pr\u00edpade splnenia normality rozdelenia d\u00e1t <\/a>(parametrick\u00e9 testy s\u00fa ve\u013emi citliv\u00e9 na extr\u00e9mne hodnoty),<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    V pr\u00edpade, \u017ee s\u00fa d\u00e1ta norm\u00e1lne rozdelen\u00e9, m\u00e1 priemer, medi\u00e1n a modus ve\u013emi podobn\u00fa hodnotu, napr. ak m\u00e1 priemer hodnotu 165 i medi\u00e1n a modus maj\u00fa hodnotu pohybuj\u00facu sa okolo \u010d\u00edsla 165.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \u00a0c. homogenita vari\u00e1cie (rovnorodos\u0165 odch\u00fdlky<\/a>) – ak porovn\u00e1vame dve\u00a0 \u00a0a viac skup\u00edn, je potrebn\u00e9, aby bola dodr\u017ean\u00e1 homogenita vari\u00e1cie\u00a0 \u00a0(rovnorodos\u0165 odch\u00fdlky) \u2013 \u0161tandardn\u00e1 odch\u00fdlka by mala by\u0165 u oboch\u00a0 \u00a0(a\u00a0 viacer\u00fdch) skup\u00edn ve\u013emi podobn\u00e1 (Walker, 2013). Homogenita vari\u00e1cie je v programe SPSS automaticky po\u010d\u00edtan\u00e1 pri Studentovom t-teste pre dva nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 v\u00fdbery<\/a> i pri Anove<\/a> – vi\u010f vide\u00e1.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \n

    Ak tieto podmienky splnen\u00e9 nie s\u00fa, je potrebn\u00e9 i v pr\u00edpade kardin\u00e1lnej premennej, pou\u017ei\u0165 neparametrick\u00fa variantu testu (napr. namiesto testu ANOVA pou\u017eijeme jej neparametrick\u00fa variantu Kruskal-Wallis test<\/em>).<\/span><\/p>\n

    Ak by sme parametrick\u00e9 testy pou\u017eili napriek tomu, \u017ee nie s\u00fa splnen\u00e9 podmienky, mohli by sme pr\u00eds\u0165 k nespr\u00e1vnym (falo\u0161n\u00fdm) z\u00e1verom.<\/span><\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

    Neparametrick\u00e9 testy<\/strong> pracuj\u00fa s porad\u00edm hodn\u00f4t zoraden\u00fdch pod\u013ea ve\u013ekosti (medi\u00e1n), preto s\u00fa nez\u00e1visl\u00e9 od extr\u00e9mnych hodn\u00f4t.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    \u0160tatistick\u00e9 testy m\u00f4\u017eeme klasifikova\u0165 do 2 kateg\u00f3ri\u00ed \u2013 parametrick\u00e9 a\u00a0neparametrick\u00e9 testy. V nasleduj\u00facej tabu\u013eke s\u00fa uveden\u00e9 parametrick\u00e9 testy a ich neparametrick\u00e1 obdoba. Je potrebn\u00e9 upozorni\u0165, \u017ee \u0161tatistick\u00fdch testov existuje viac, v texte uv\u00e1dzame vybran\u00e9.Parametrick\u00e9 testy pracuj\u00fa s priemerom a \u0161tandardnou odch\u00fdlkou, neparametrick\u00e9 testy pracuj\u00fa s porad\u00edm (medi\u00e1nom, resp. priemern\u00fdm porad\u00edm – „mean rank„). Parametrick\u00e9 testy […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":17,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"templates\/template-full-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-260","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/260","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=260"}],"version-history":[{"count":17,"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/260\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1760,"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/260\/revisions\/1760"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/17"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=260"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}