{"id":639,"date":"2020-03-31T14:11:48","date_gmt":"2020-03-31T12:11:48","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/?page_id=639"},"modified":"2022-01-09T02:25:56","modified_gmt":"2022-01-09T01:25:56","slug":"zamerny-vyber","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/vyber-vyskumnej-vzorky\/zamerny-vyber\/","title":{"rendered":"Nen\u00e1hodn\u00fd v\u00fdber"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\">Pozn\u00e1me viacero typov nen\u00e1hodn\u00fdch v\u00fdberov, ktor\u00e9 v nasleduj\u00facom texte pop\u00ed\u0161eme:<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Z\u00e1mern\u00fd\/kriteri\u00e1lny<\/strong> v\u00fdber nevych\u00e1dza zo z\u00e1konitost\u00ed n\u00e1hodn\u00e9ho v\u00fdberu, ale zoh\u013ead\u0148uj\u00fa sa pri \u0148om ur\u010dit\u00e9 znaky\/krit\u00e9ria\/charakteristiky, ktor\u00e9 ur\u010d\u00ed v\u00fdskumn\u00edk. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee o v\u00fdbere nerozhoduje n\u00e1hoda, ale \u00fasudok v\u00fdskumn\u00edka, ktor\u00fd <em><strong>z\u00e1merne<\/strong> <\/em>vyber\u00e1 jednotky v\u00fdskumn\u00e9ho s\u00faboru. Krit\u00e9riom m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 napr. diagn\u00f3za, ur\u010dit\u00e1 \u017eivotn\u00e1 sk\u00fasenos\u0165 (respondenti, ktor\u00ed za\u017eili dom\u00e1ce n\u00e1silie) a pod.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>V\u00fdber na z\u00e1klade dobrovo\u013enosti\/samov\u00fdber<\/strong> &#8211; spo\u010d\u00edva v tom, \u017ee do v\u00fdberu sa jedinci dost\u00e1vaj\u00fa sami na z\u00e1klade svojho rozhodnutia anketu, alebo (on-line) dotazn\u00edk vyplni\u0165.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Kv\u00f3tny v\u00fdber<\/strong> &#8211; je zalo\u017een\u00fd na tom, \u017ee v\u00fdskumn\u00edk zvol\u00ed ur\u010dit\u00e9 z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 kv\u00f3ty,\u00a0 ktor\u00e9 je pri zbere d\u00e1t potrebn\u00e9 naplni\u0165. Kv\u00f3ty s\u00fa volen\u00e9 pod\u013ea ur\u010dit\u00fdch kontroln\u00fdch znakov, pod\u013ea ktor\u00fdch sa v\u00fdber orientuje. Ak chce v\u00fdskumn\u00edk realizova\u0165 v\u00fdber obyvate\u013estva v ur\u010ditej oblasti, m\u00f4\u017ee zisti\u0165, \u017ee v tomto z\u00e1kladnom s\u00fabore je ur\u010dit\u00fd po\u010det mu\u017eov\/\u017eien, \u017ee obyvate\u013estvo m\u00e1 ur\u010dit\u00e9 vekov\u00e9 zlo\u017eenie, zlo\u017eenie z h\u013eadiska vzdelania pod. Pod\u013ea t\u00fdchto kontroln\u00fdch znakov vytv\u00e1ra ur\u010dit\u00e9 kv\u00f3ty pre v\u00fdber. Tieto kv\u00f3ty predpisuj\u00fa, ko\u013eko bude vo v\u00fdberovom s\u00fabore mu\u017eov a \u017eien, ak\u00e9ho vzdelania a pod. <em>Napr. v\u00fdskumn\u00edk zis\u0165uje soci\u00e1lne potreby klientov zariadenia pre seniorov (a kv\u00f3ty vol\u00ed s oh\u013eadom na charakteristiky respondentov dan\u00e9ho zariadenia) .\u00a0<\/em><\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Snowball\/lav\u00ednov\u00fd v\u00fdber<\/strong> &#8211; je zalo\u017een\u00fd na &#8222;naba\u013eovan\u00ed&#8220; respondentov, pou\u017e\u00edva sa u \u0161pecifick\u00fdch popul\u00e1ci\u00ed <em>(napr. bezdomovci, drogovo z\u00e1visl\u00ed, r\u00f4zne subkult\u00fary a pod.)<\/em>. U t\u00fdchto jednotiek neexistuje \u017eiadna datab\u00e1za, zoznam \u010dlenov a pod. Cie\u013eom je kontaktova\u0165 nieko\u013eko napr. drogovo z\u00e1visl\u00fdch a t\u00fdch po\u017eiada\u0165 o kontakt na \u010fal\u0161\u00edch at\u010f.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><span style=\"font-family: helvetica, arial, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt;\"><strong>Pr\u00edle\u017eitostn\u00fd\/dostupn\u00fd v\u00fdber\/v\u00fdber &#8222;z n\u00fadze&#8220;\u00a0<\/strong>\u2013 znamen\u00e1, \u017ee \u201eberieme\u201c tak\u00fd v\u00fdber, ktor\u00fd je pre n\u00e1s dostupn\u00fd, ktor\u00fd sme schopn\u00ed z\u00edska\u0165 napr. s na\u0161imi finan\u010dn\u00fdmi \u010di \u010dasov\u00fdmi mo\u017enos\u0165ami. V\u00fdskumn\u00edk pracuje so s\u00faborom, ktor\u00fd sa mu podarilo zhroma\u017edi\u0165 a ktor\u00fd nie je reprezentat\u00edvny. Jednoducho v\u00fdskumn\u00edk zvol\u00ed respondentov, ktor\u00ed s\u00fa dostupn\u00ed, k dispoz\u00edcii, mal ich \u201epo ruke\u201c. <em>Napr. v\u00fdskumn\u00edk chce zis\u0165ova\u0165 \u0161pecifik\u00e1 kresby u det\u00ed z detsk\u00fdch domovov (centier pre deti a rodinu). Za t\u00fdmto \u00fa\u010delom nav\u0161t\u00edvi najbli\u017e\u0161ie miestne centrum pre deti a rodinu a so s\u00fahlasom kompetentn\u00fdch v\u00fdskum zrealizuje.\u00a0<\/em>Je najslab\u0161\u00edm v\u00fdberom z h\u013eadiska zov\u0161eobecnite\u013enosti, v\u00fdsledky platia len u sk\u00faman\u00fdch jedincov.\u00a0\u010casto sa vyu\u017e\u00edva v jednoduch\u00fdch v\u00fdskumoch v r\u00e1mci bakal\u00e1rskych \u010di diplomov\u00fdch pr\u00e1c.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Pozn\u00e1me viacero typov nen\u00e1hodn\u00fdch v\u00fdberov, ktor\u00e9 v nasleduj\u00facom texte pop\u00ed\u0161eme: Z\u00e1mern\u00fd\/kriteri\u00e1lny v\u00fdber nevych\u00e1dza zo z\u00e1konitost\u00ed n\u00e1hodn\u00e9ho v\u00fdberu, ale zoh\u013ead\u0148uj\u00fa sa pri \u0148om ur\u010dit\u00e9 znaky\/krit\u00e9ria\/charakteristiky, ktor\u00e9 ur\u010d\u00ed v\u00fdskumn\u00edk. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee o v\u00fdbere nerozhoduje n\u00e1hoda, ale \u00fasudok v\u00fdskumn\u00edka, ktor\u00fd z\u00e1merne vyber\u00e1 jednotky v\u00fdskumn\u00e9ho s\u00faboru. Krit\u00e9riom m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 napr. diagn\u00f3za, ur\u010dit\u00e1 \u017eivotn\u00e1 sk\u00fasenos\u0165 (respondenti, ktor\u00ed za\u017eili dom\u00e1ce [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":630,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"templates\/template-full-width.php","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-639","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/639","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=639"}],"version-history":[{"count":15,"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/639\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1738,"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/639\/revisions\/1738"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/630"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/estatistika.ku.sk\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=639"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}